INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL MECHANISMS OF GUARANTEEING THE PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS OF VICTIMS IN THE CONDITIONS OF ARMED CONFLICT

Abstract

Problem statement and its connection with important scientific or practical tasks. The protection of civilians, the wounded and the sick, as well as prisoners of war and children, is confirmed by the provisions of the first Additional protocol to the Geneva Conventions. They extend the scope of such protection to any person under the authority of a party, which is involved in the conflict and do not enjoy a more favorable treatment under the Geneva Conventions in the context of an international armed conflict. The commission of a number of acts is prohibited and will remain prohibited at any time and in any place, regardless of whether they are committed by representatives of civil or military bodies (violence against life, health and physical and mental condition of persons; outrage to human dignity; taking hostages; collective punishment; coercion into prostitution or indecent assault in any form [1]. Some of these actions are considered serious violations of international humanitarian law, such as: murder, torture, mutilation and hostage-taking (serious violations of the Geneva Conventions and the Additional protocol); abuse of human dignity, collective punishment and committing sexual violence, including coercion into prostitution (war crimes in accordance with customary international humanitarian law), for the commission of which the criminal liability must be provided.